Antique 17th Century Large Russian Orthodox Brass Pectoral Cross Telnik

Antique 17th-century large Russian Orthodox brass pectoral Cross Telnik (Крест-тельник). This cross features an intricate and ornate design that combines various ancient symbols, including the Suppedaneum (three-bar) and Saint Andrew's (X-shaped or "Saltire") Crosses, as well as the Crescent (half-moon) symbol known as Tsata. The Suppedaneum is a footrest used during the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, while the Saint Andrew's Cross is named after the apostle Andrew, who was crucified on an X-shaped cross. The Tsata symbol, in particular, is a half-moon with a star and is sometimes used to represent the Virgin Mary. The combination of these symbols in the design of this cross makes it not only a beautiful work of art but also a fascinating piece of history and religious symbolism.
DIMENSIONS: including suspension loop: 7.4 cm x 5.3 cm (2.91 inches x 2.09 inches)
WEIGHT: 17 grams
CONDITION:
The cross shows signs of age and wear, with patches of dark silver patina.
REFERENCES:
Related 17th-century crosses are displayed in many Russian Museums. One of these crosses, which once belonged to Grand Duchess Tatiana (1897-1918), the second daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, was brought to America and sold by Armand Hammer in 1933. It is currently in the Walters Art Museum collection in Baltimore, Maryland.
Please see the links below:
https://art.thewalters.org/detail/83067/orthodox-c...
https://amsmolich.livejournal.com/131464.html